Low Pay Commission Website
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Low Pay Commission
8th Floor
Oxford House
76 Oxford Street
London
W1D 1BS


General enquiries:
020 7467 7207
Press enquiries:
020 7467 7279
E-mail:
lpc@lowpay.gov.uk
 
 
 
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Chairman’s Foreword

The Commissioners

Executive Summary

Recommendations

List of Figures

List of Tables


1 Introduction

2 The Impact of the National Minimum Wage

3 The Effects of the National Minimum Wage on Specific Sectors and on Small Firms

4 Groups of Workers and Specific Enforcement Issues

5 Young People and Trainees


6 Compliance and Enforcement

7 Setting the Rates

Appendices

Abbreviations

Bibliography

 
 
National Minimum Wage
Low Pay Commission Report 2005
List of Figures


2.1 Percentage of Jobs Paying Less Than £4.75 (22 and Over), £4.00 (18-21) and £2.95 (16-17) by Gender and Hours Worked, April 2004

2.2 Percentage of Jobs Paying Less Than £4.75 (22 and Over), £4.00 (18-21) and £2.95 (16-17) by Age, April 2004

2.3 Percentage of Employees Earning Less Than £4.75 (22 and Over), £4.00 (18-21) and £2.95 (16-17) by Ethnicity, Spring 2004

2.4 Percentage of Employees Earning Less Than £4.75 (22 and Over), £4.00 (18-21) and £2.95 (16-17) by Disability, Spring 2004

2.5 Percentage of Jobs Paying Less Than £4.75 (22 and Over), £4.00 (18-21) and £2.95 (16-17) by Region and Country, April 2004

2.6 Percentage of Jobs Paying Less Than £4.75 (22 and Over), £4.00 (18-21) and £2.95 (16-17) by Low-paying Sector, April 2004

2.7 Number of Jobs Paying Less Than £4.75 (22 and Over), £4.00 (18-21) and £2.95 (16-17) by Low-paying Sector, Thousands, April 2004

2.8 Percentage of Jobs Paying Less Than £4.75 (22 and Over), £4.00 (18-21) and £2.95 (16-17) by Size of Firm, April 2004

2.9 Hourly Earnings Distribution for Employees Aged 22 and Over, 2002-2004

2.10 Gross Hourly Earnings (Excluding Overtime) Distribution for Employees Aged 18 and Over by Public and Private Sector, April 2004

2.11 Increase in Hourly Earnings Minus the Increase in Median Earnings by Percentile for Employees Aged 22 and Over, 1998-2004

2.12 Increase in Hourly Earnings Minus the Increase in Median Earnings by Percentile up to the Median for Employees Aged 22 and Over, 2001-2004

2.13 Increase in Hourly Earnings Minus the Increase in Median Earnings by Percentile for Employees Aged 22 and Over in the Low-paying Sectors (Excluding Childcare), 1998-2004

2.14 Increase in Hourly Earnings Minus the Increase in Median Earnings by Percentile up to the Median for Employees Aged 22 and Over in the Low-paying Sectors (Excluding Childcare), 2001-2004

2.15 Position of Minimum Wage Households Within the Household Income Distribution, Autumn 2002

2.16 Working Age Employment and Unemployment Rates, UK, 1995-2004

2.17 Working Age Employment Rates by Age, 1994-2004

2.18 Working Age Inactivity Rates by Age, 1994-2004

2.19 Total Actual Weekly Hours Worked (Millions) in the UK, 1991-2004

2.20 Growth in Average Earnings Including Bonuses: Total, Public and Private Sectors, 1996-2004

2.21 Estimated Impact on Wage Bills of the 2004 Minimum Wage Upratings, April 2004

2.22 Estimated Impact on Wage Bills of the 2004 Minimum Wage Upratings on the Low-paying Sectors, April 2004

2.23 Gross Operating Surplus of Non-financial Corporations as a Percentage of Private Sector GDP, 1956-2004

2.24 Private Sector Labour Productivity and Unit Wage Costs, 1998-2004

2.25 Gross and Net Rates of Return on Capital Employed, All Private Non-financial Corporations Excluding UK Continental Shelf Companies, 1989-2004

2.26 Net Change in the Stock of VAT Registered Enterprises in the UK, Thousands, 1995-2004

3.1 Breakdown of Jobs in Low-paying Sectors, Thousands, September 2004

3.2 Change in Employee Jobs in Low-paying Sectors, 1998-2004

3.3 Change in Self-employment in Low-paying Sectors, 1998-2004

3.4 Number of Self-employed by Sector, Thousands, 1998-2004

3.5 Hourly Earnings Distribution for Employees Aged 18 and Over in Small Firms, 2002-2004

3.6 Hourly Earnings Distribution for Employees Aged 18 and Over in Medium-sized Firms, 2002-2004

3.7 Hourly Earnings Distribution for Employees Aged 18 and Over in Large Firms, 2002-2004

3.8 Employee Jobs in the Retail Sector, Thousands, 1998-2004

3.9 Hourly Earnings Distribution for Employees Aged 18 and Over in Small Firms in the Retail Sector, 2002-2004

3.10 Hourly Earnings Distribution for Employees Aged 18 and Over in Large Firms in the Retail Sector, 2002-2004

3.11 Increase in Hourly Earnings Minus the Increase in Median Earnings by Percentile for Employees Aged 18 and Over in the Retail Sector, 2002-2004

3.12 Employee Jobs in the Hospitality Sector, Thousands, 1998-2004

3.13 Hourly Earnings Distribution for Employees Aged 18 and Over in the Hospitality Sector, 2002-2004

3.14 Increase in Hourly Earnings Minus the Increase in Median Earnings by Percentile for Employees Aged 18 and Over in the Hospitality Sector, 2002-2004

3.15 Employee Jobs in the Cleaning Sector, Thousands, 1998-2004

3.16 Hourly Earnings Distribution for Employees Aged 18 and Over in the Cleaning Sector, 2002-2004

3.17 Employee Jobs in the Security Sector, Thousands, 1998-2004

3.18 Hourly Earnings Distribution for Employees Aged 18 and Over in the Security Sector, 2002-2004

3.19 Number of Nursery Nurse Employees, Thousands, 1998-2004

3.20 Hourly Earnings Distribution for Nursery Nurses Aged 18 and Over, 2002-2004

3.21 Employee Jobs in the Residential Social Care Sector, Thousands, 1998-2004

3.22 Hourly Earnings Distribution for Employees Aged 18 and Over in the Residential Social Care Sector, 2002-2004

3.23 Employee Jobs in the Agriculture Sector, Thousands, 1998-2004

3.24 Hourly Earnings Distribution for Employees Aged 18 and Over in the Agriculture Sector, 2002-2004

3.25 Employee Jobs in the Textiles, Clothing and Footwear Sector, Thousands, 1998-2004

3.26 Hourly Earnings Distribution for Employees Aged 18 and Over in the Textiles, Clothing and Footwear Sector, 2002-2004

3.27 Employee Jobs in the Hairdressing Sector, Thousands, 1998-2004

3.28 Hourly Earnings Distribution for Employees Aged 18 and Over in the Hairdressing Sector, 2002-2004

4.1 Working Age Unemployment Rates of Various Groups, 1998-2004

4.2 Working Age Employment Rates of Various Groups, 1998-2004

4.3 Full-time Gender Pay Ratio by Percentile for Employees Aged 18 and Over, 1998-2004

4.4 Women's Hourly Pay as a Percentage of Men's by Percentile for Employees Aged 22 and Over, 1998 Compared with 2004

4.5 Women's Hourly Pay as a Percentage of Men's by Percentile for Employees Aged 18-21, 1998 Compared with 2004

4.6 Women's Hourly Pay as a Percentage of Men's by Decile for Employees Aged 22 and Over, 1998-2004

4.7 Part-time Gender Pay Ratio by Percentile for Employees Aged 18 and Over, 1998-2004

4.8 Working Age Employment Rates of Those with Work-limiting Disabilities by Gender, 1998-2004

4.9 Working Age Unemployment Rates of Those with Work-limiting Disabilities by Gender, 1998-2004

4.10 Percentage of Employees Benefiting from the 2004 Upratings of the Minimum Wage by Disability

4.11 Disability Pay Ratio for Employees Aged 18 and Over, 1998-2004

4.12 Working Age Male Employment Rates for Ethnic Groups, 1998-2004

4.13 Working Age Female Employment Rates for Ethnic Groups, 1998-2004

4.14 Working Age Male Unemployment Rates for Ethnic Groups, 1998-2004

4.15 Working Age Female Unemployment Rates for Ethnic Groups, 1998-2004

4.16 Percentage of Employees Benefiting from the 2004 Upratings of the Minimum Wage by Ethnicity

4.17 Ethnic Pay Ratio for Employees Aged 18 and Over, 1998-2004

5.1 Employment Rates for 18-21 Year Olds by Gender, 1998-2004

5.2 Unemployment Rates for 18-21 Year Olds by Gender, 1998-2004

5.3 Proportion of 18-21 Year Olds in Full-time Education, 1998-2004

5.4 Employment Rates for 18-21 Year Olds in Full-time Education, 1998-2004

5.5 Employment Rates for 18-21 Year Olds Not in Full-time Education, 1998-2004

5.6 Inactivity Rates for 18-21 Year Olds Not in Full-time Education, 1998-2004

5.7 Employment Rates of Young People Not in Full-time Education by Age, 1998-2004

5.8 Employment Rates of Young People Not in Full-time Education by Qualification Level, Autumn 2002-Summer 2003 Compared with Autumn 2003-Summer 2004

5.9 Employment and Population Levels of Young People Not in Full-time Education by Qualification Level, Thousands, Autumn 2002-Summer 2003 Compared with Autumn 2003-Summer 2004

5.10 Number of 16-17 Year Olds by Education and Labour Market Status, Thousands, 1998-2004

5.11 Proportion of 16-17 Year Olds by Education and Labour Market Status, 1998-2004

5.12 Employment Levels for 18-21 Year Olds by Industry Sector, Thousands, Autumn 2002-Summer 2003 Compared with Autumn 2003-Summer 2004

5.13 Change in Employment and Population Share by Age, Autumn 2002-Summer 2003 Compared with Autumn 2003-Summer 2004

5.14 Change in Employment and Population Share by Age, Autumn 1998-Summer 1999 Compared with Autumn 2003-Summer 2004

5.15 Hourly Earnings Distribution for Employees Aged 18-21, 2002-2004

5.16 Unemployment Rates of Young People Not in Full-time Education by Age and Gender, Autumn 2003-Summer 2004

A3.1 Distribution of Minimum Hourly Pay Rates by Age

A3.2 Reasons for Age-related Pay

A6.1 Number of 18-21 Year Olds by Education and Labour Market Status, Thousands,1998-2004

A6.2 Proportion of 18-21 Year Olds by Education and Labour Market Status, 1998-2004

A6.3 Employment Levels for 18-21 Year Olds by Gender, Thousands,1998-2004

A6.4 Unemployment Rates for 18-21 Year Olds Not in Full-time Education, 1998-2004

 
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