The Commissioners

Chair’s Foreword

Executive Summary

Recommendations

List of Figures

List of Tables

1. Introduction

2. National Minimum Wage in a Recession

3. Low-paying Sectors and Small Firms

4. Particular Groups of Workers

5. Young People

6. Apprentice Minimum Wage Rate

7. Compliance and Enforcement

8. Setting the Rates

Appendices

Abbreviations and Glossary

Select Bibliography

2.1

Changes in Output, Employment and Unemployment in Recent Recessions, UK, 1980–2009

2.2

Change in Business Investment and Inventories, UK, 1979–2009

2.3

Actual Outturn and Revised Forecasts Compared with 2009 Report Forecasts, UK, 2009–2010

2.4

Jobs Held by Those Aged 22 and Over Paid Below the Existing National Minimum Wage and the Forthcoming National Minimum Wage, UK, 1999–2009

2.5

National Minimum Wage as a Percentage of Various Points on the Earnings Distribution of Employees Aged 22 and Over, UK, 1999–2009

2.6

Change in Employment, Jobs and Unemployment in Each National Minimum Wage Period, UK, 1999–2009

3.1

Proportion of Employee Jobs Held by Those Aged 18 and Over Paid At or Below the Adult National Minimum Wage, by Sector, UK, 2007–2009

3.2

Change in Employee Jobs, by Low-paying Industry, GB, 2007–2009

4.1

Change in Employment, Unemployment and Inactivity Rates Throughout the Recession for Various Groups, UK, 2008–2009

4.2

Hourly Gender Pay Gap of Full-time Workers Aged 18 and Over, UK, 1997–2009

4.3

Migration Statistics, UK, 2002–2009

5.1

Gross Hourly Earnings of Young People, by Age, UK, 2007–2009

5.2

Proportion of Jobs Held by 16–17 Year Olds, by National Minimum Wage Rate, UK, 2004–2009

5.3

Proportion of Jobs Held by 18–20 Year Olds, by National Minimum Wage Rate, UK, 2004–2009

6.1

Apprenticeship Schemes and Financial Support, by Country, 2009/10

6.2

Number of Apprenticeship Starts, by Country, 2003/04–2008/09

7.1

National Minimum Wage Enquiries and Complaints to HMRC, Enforcement Action Taken, and Incidence of Non-compliance Identified, UK, 2006/07–2008/09

8.1

Independent Forecasts and Actual Outturn, UK, 2009–2011

8.2

Estimated Number and Percentage of Jobs Covered by the Recommended October 2010 National Minimum Wage Upratings, UK, 2010

8.3

Estimated Exchequer Yield and Savings from the Recommended 2010 Adult National Minimum Wage Uprating, UK, 2010/11

A2.1

Low Pay Commission Research Projects for the 2010 Report

A3.1

Comparison of Minimum Wage Levels, by Country, 2009

A3.2

Adult Minimum Wages Relative to Full-time Median Earnings, by Country, 2008

A4.1

New Definitions of Low-paying Industries and Occupations, by SIC and SOC Codes